基于多源农地空间数据的“两区”划定应用研究

doi:10.12133/j.smartag.2019.1.3.201906-SA005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

发展智慧农业的基础和前提是数字化,尤其是对农地资源利用、农地权属、农业生产等农业全要素的数字化。目前,国内农业数字化水平较低,农地资源空间信息应用较少,需要加快开展农地空间数据在农业生产信息采集分析和农业政策决策执行等方面的应用,推动我国智慧农业的发展。本研究围绕“十三五”以来新增的粮食生产功能区和重要农产品生产保护区（以下统称“两区”）划定农业基础性工作,归纳了“两区”划定的相关概念,总结了划定的业务流程;结合农业生产智能化管理的业务需求和数字化成图的拓扑关系需求,为“两区”划定设计了“区—片块—地块”三级空间结构;提出了基于多源农地空间数据的“两区”划定图件测制关键技术,在分析“两区”行业功用的基础上,以“区—片块—地块”空间结构为制图导向,融合现有多源农地空间数据在空间分布和语义属性上的关联性,从特定空间尺度实现了“两区”空间分布图制作;提出了基于多源农地空间数据的“两区”划定数据建库关键技术,分析了“两区”划定数据建库的业务需求,从空间信息结构视角实现对“两区”划定地理空间实体的抽象化;总结并讨论了多源农地空间数据在“两区”划定过程中的整合应用及存在的问题。研究表明,多源农地空间数据能够在“两区”划定的关键技术环节起到数据支撑作用,同时也需针对具体的应用环境判断其信息可用性,降低多源农地空间数据的偏差及局部缺失对“两区”划定这类系统性工程所造成的影响,实现对基础数据、专题数据、管理数据和统计数据的有效集成,为“两区”划定及智慧农业领域同类基础性工作的有效推行提供参考与借鉴。

关键词: “两区”划定, 多源, 农地, 空间数据, 制图, 实体关系模型

Abstract:

The basis and premise of developing intelligent agriculture is digitization, especially digitization of agricultural land resources utilization, agricultural land ownership, agricultural production and other agricultural elements. At present, China's agriculture digitization is at a low level, the spatial information of agricultural land resources are applied few. It is necessary to accelerate the application of the big data with respect to agricultural land for agricultural production information collecting and agricultural policy implementing to promote the development of China's intelligent agriculture. One typical case is "food production function zone" and "important agricultural product production protection zone"(Two-Zone) demarcation. In order to realize the study on the technologies of "Two-Zone" demarcation, in this research, the following work was conducted . Firstly, the basic concept of the multi-source spatial data with respect to agricultural land was elaborated, and the existing multi-source spatial data with respect to agricultural land were summarized into four categories. Then, the workflows of "Two-Zone" demarcation was summed up. Considering the topological requirements of digital mapping for "Two-Zone" and the business requirements of intelligent management for agricultural production in "Two-Zone", a three-level spatial structure of "zone-patch-plot" was designed for "Two-Zone" demarcation. The key technology of digital mapping was proposed, based on the analysis of the functions of "Two-Zone" and the "zone-patch-plot" spatial structure, which integrate existing multi-source farmland spatial data depending on the relevance of spatial distribution and semantic attributes and then realize "Two-Zone"'s spatial distribution map at a specific spatial scale. The key technology of establishing the database for "Two-Zone" demarcation was also proposed, which realizes the abstraction of the geographical space entity delimited by "Two-Zone" from the perspective of spatial information structure. Therefore, the key technologies of "Two-Zone" demarcation based on multi-source agricultural land spatial data was scientifically designed, through the key work such as data acquisition, digital mapping and database construction. Finally, the key scientific problems in the technical links were extracted, which shown that "Two-Zone" demarcation requires a comprehensive consideration of data sources and user requirements, and it is necessary to analyze the availability of data with respect to multi-source agricultural land, decreasing the influence derived from the bias and partial loss of data with respect to multi-source agricultural land. Further consideration about statuses of the land use and crop planting in the farmland of "Two-Zone" is also needed. This study will provide a basic support for the intelligent management of agricultural land resources in the "Two-Zone".

Key words: "Two-Zone" demarcation, multi-source, agricultural land, spatial data, mapping, E-R model

中图分类号:

TP79
S127

游炯, 裴志远, 王飞. 基于多源农地空间数据的“两区”划定应用研究[J]. 智慧农业, 2019, 1(3): 56-66.

You Jiong, Pei Zhiyuan, Wang Fei. Research on the application of multi-source agricultural land spatial data for "Two-Zone" demarcation[J]. Smart Agriculture, 2019, 1(3): 56-66.

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