智慧农业 >
2020 , Vol. 2 >Issue 2: 59 - 66
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12133/j.smartag.2020.2.2.202005-SA003
基于调制近红外反射光谱的土壤养分近场遥测方法研究
矫雷子(1986-),男,博士,高级工程师,研究方向为农业传感器方法研究与设备研制。E-mail:jiaolz@nercita.org.cn。 |
收稿日期: 2020-05-08
修回日期: 2020-05-29
网络出版日期: 2020-08-10
基金资助
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201501)
Near-Field Telemetry Detection of Soil Nutrient Based on Modulated Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectrum
Received date: 2020-05-08
Revised date: 2020-05-29
Online published: 2020-08-10
土壤养分作为农业生产的重要指标,含量过少会降低农作物产量,过多则会造成环境污染。因此,快速、准确检测土壤养分对于精准施肥和提高作物产量具有重要意义。基于取样和化学分析的传统方法能够全面准确地检测土壤养分,但检测过程中土壤的取样及预处理过程繁琐、操作复杂、费时费力,不能实现土壤养分的原位快速检测。本研究基于调制近红外光谱,提出了一种土壤养分主动式近场遥测方法,可有效避免土壤反射自然光的干扰。该方法使用波长范围1260~1610 nm的8通道窄带激光二极管作为近红外光源,通过测量8通道激光光束的土壤反射率,建立土壤养分中氮(N)关于土壤反射率的计量模型,实现了N的快速检测。在74组已知N含量的土壤样品中,选取54组作为训练集,20组作为预测集。基于一般线性模型,对训练集中土壤N含量与土壤反射率的定量化参数进行训练,筛选显著波段后的计量模型R 2达到0.97。基于建立的计量模型,预测集中土壤N含量预测值与参考值的决定系数R 2达到0.9,结果表明该方法具有土壤养分现场快速检测的能力。
矫雷子 , 董大明 , 赵贤德 , 田宏武 . 基于调制近红外反射光谱的土壤养分近场遥测方法研究[J]. 智慧农业, 2020 , 2(2) : 59 -66 . DOI: 10.12133/j.smartag.2020.2.2.202005-SA003
Proper soil nutrients content plays an important role in agricultural production—undernutrition would reduce crop yield and quality and overnutrition would cause environmental pollution. Though the traditional approaches based on sampling and chemical analysis can comprehensively and accurately measure soil nutrients, but the soil sampling and pretreatment process are cumbersome, complicated, time-consuming, and costly. Therefore, rapid and accurate measurement of soil nutrients is of great significance for precise fertilizer application, which can increase yield, improve crop quality, and alleviate environmental pollution. Toward this objective, a rapid soil nutrients detection method based on modulated near infrared spectroscopy for active near-field telemetry was proposed, which could effectively minimize effect of sunlight during the measuring process. Eight channels narrow-band laser diodes with wavelengths of 1260, 1310, 1350, 1410, 1450, 1510, 1550 and 1610 nm were selected as active lighting sources for measuring the reflectance of soil samples. Eight channels narrow-band laser diodes were symmetrically placed on a concentric circle. A photodetector with a circular photosensitive area of 5 mm in diameter was placed at the center of the concentric circle to maximize the reception of laser beam reflected by soil. A focusing lens was placed in front of the photodetector to collect the laser beam reflected from the soil sample to increase the sensitivity. The sensing area of the photodetector was located at the focus of the lens. seventy four groups of soil samples with known N content were divided into training set (54 groups) and prediction set (20 groups) for data analysis. The spectral reflectance significantly correlated with soil N content was screened by analyzing the training set based on a general linear model and a quantitative measurement model with R 2 of 0.97 between the screened spectral reflectance and soil N content was achieve. The predicted soil N content obtained from prediction set based on the established model and the referenced soil N content of the prediction set had a R 2 of 0.9, indicating that this method has an ability to quickly, as well as accurately detect soil nutrients.
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