0 引 言
1 数据采集与预处理
2 研究方法
2.1 PG-Mask R-CNN模型构建
2.1.1 SimAM注意力机制模块
2.1.2 DFPN路径
2.1.3 边界框回归损失函数改进
2.2 秀珍菇表型参数测量
2.2.1 测量指标
2.2.2 测量方法
2.3 评价方法
2.4 实验环境与模型训练
3 结果与分析
3.1 SimAM模块插入位置分析
表1 添加SimAM后模型训练结果Table 1 Model training results after adding SimAM |
Module | mAP/% | mAR/% | Inference time/ms |
---|---|---|---|
conv1+SimAM | 84.1 | 87.6 | 0.067 |
conv2+SimAM | 84.4 | 87.7 | 0.060 |
conv3+SimAM | 84.8 | 87.7 | 0.069 |
3.2 消融实验
表2 消融实验结果Table 2 Results of ablation experiments |
Module | Exp No.1 | Exp No.2 | Exp No.3 | Exp No.4 |
---|---|---|---|---|
SimAM | × | √ | × | √ |
DFPN | × | × | √ | √ |
GIoU | × | × | × | √ |
mAP/% | 82.2 | 84.2 | 82.6 | 84.8 |
mAR/% | 86.4 | 87.4 | 86.1 | 87.7 |
Inference time/ms | 0.050 | 0.063 | 0.060 | 0.069 |
Parameters/M | 45.84 | 45.84 | 51.75 | 51.75 |
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3.3 与其他分割方法对比
表3 不同实例分割方法实验结果对比Table 3 Results comparison of different instance segmentation training methods |
Algorithm (Bbox) | mAP@0.5/% | mAP/% | mAR/% | Parameters/M | MRE/% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mask R-CNN | 95.2 | 82.2 | 86.4 | 45.84 | 1.24 |
YOLACT | 91.7 | 72.5 | 77.2 | 53.73 | 1.41 |
InstaBoost | 81.0 | 60.4 | 67.1 | 62.75 | 4.13 |
QueryInst | 93.0 | 76.4 | 84.2 | 191.27 | 7.49 |
PG-Mask R-CNN (ours) | 95.3 | 84.8 | 87.7 | 51.75 | 0.90 |
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3.4 表型参数测量结果分析
图7 利用PG-Mask R-CNN模型测量秀珍菇损伤率并与真值对比Fig. 7 Damage rate comparison results of Pleurotus geesteranus between the measured values using PG-Mask R-CNN model and the true value |
3.5 测量结果量化与量化方法合理性分析
表4 利用PG-Mask R-CNN模型测量秀珍菇表型参数结果Table 4 Results of the phenotype measurement of the Pleurotus geesteranus by PG-Mask R-CNN model |
秀珍菇序号 | 菌盖面积/mm2 | 菌柄长度/mm | 菌柄宽度/mm | 裂纹数/条 | 菌盖损伤率/% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 551.18 | 35.06 | 12.58 | 1 | 1.48 |
1 | 589.12 | 32.08 | 13.71 | 2 | 1.98 |
2 | 977.29 | 43.77 | 14.09 | 1 | 0.63 |
3 | 602.26 | 39.23 | 12.22 | 1 | 0.29 |
4 | 1 000.49 | 43.98 | 14.24 | 2 | 1.01 |
5 | 797.17 | 36.00 | 14.80 | 3 | 1.58 |
6 | 754.48 | 46.11 | 14.66 | 1 | 0.66 |
7 | 462.24 | 45.12 | 12.99 | 1 | 0.94 |
8 | 557.78 | 28.39 | 13.13 | 1 | 2.17 |
9 | 328.67 | 40.59 | 9.42 | 0 | 0.00 |
10 | 796.91 | 53.51 | 15.40 | 1 | 0.47 |
11 | 1 664.96 | 52.04 | 19.29 | 3 | 3.10 |
12 | 561.90 | 27.71 | 15.16 | 2 | 1.80 |
13 | 716.65 | 39.11 | 14.12 | 1 | 0.45 |
14 | 1 650.42 | 49.41 | 16.82 | 2 | 2.11 |
表5 秀珍菇标定物图像测量与实际测量结果比较Table 5 Comparison between the measurement results of reference and ground truth of Pleurotus geesteranus |
量块 | 长度 | 宽度 | 面积 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
材料 | 实测值/mm | 图像测量值/mm | MRE/% | MAE/mm | 实测值/mm | 图像测量值/mm | MRE/% | MAE/mm | 实测值/mm2 | 图像测量值/mm2 | MRE/% | MAE/mm2 |
a | 80.03±0.02 | 82.11±1.02 | 2.60 | 2.08 | 34.87±0.01 | 34.47±0.58 | 1.21 | 0.42 | 2 790.91±1.23 | 2 830.92±82.25 | 1.80 | 50.32 |
b | 60.01±0.01 | 60.63±0.94 | 1.14 | 0.68 | 34.94±0.03 | 34.79±0.67 | 0.59 | 0.21 | 2 096.53±1.58 | 2 109.60±72.69 | 1.26 | 26.32 |
c | 40.02±0.01 | 40.58±0.95 | 1.63 | 0.65 | 35.06±0.01 | 35.18±0.78 | 1.05 | 0.37 | 1 402.96±0.89 | 1 428.03±66.02 | 2.65 | 47.16 |
d | 34.67±0.02 | 35.44±0.91 | 2.26 | 0.79 | 25.00±0.01 | 25.22±0.64 | 1.22 | 0.31 | 866.93±0.42 | 893.80±44.34 | 3.51 | 30.45 |
均值 | ‒ | ‒ | 1.96 | 1.05 | ‒ | ‒ | 1.02 | 0.33 | ‒ | ‒ | 2.30 | 36.06 |
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