低碳农业机械化的发展逻辑、影响因素与实现路径
收稿日期: 2023-04-13
网络出版日期: 2023-12-20
基金资助
国家社会科学基金项目(22BGL166)
The Development Logic, Influencing Factors and Realization Path for Low-Carbon Agricultural Mechanization
Received date: 2023-04-13
Online published: 2023-12-20
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(22BGL166)
Copyright
[目的/意义] 随着全球气候变暖及生态环境污染问题愈演愈烈,碳达峰碳中和(以下简称为“双碳”)目标被纳入到中国社会发展的各个领域。为保障中国农业绿色可持续发展,进一步推进落实低碳发展理念,在农业机械化发展过程中各个环节尽可能减少能源消耗、降低污染排放,满足智能化信息时代下经营主体对低碳技术赋能农业机械装备的多样化需求,发展低碳农业机械化势在必行。低碳农业机械化发展不仅是中国农业机械化转型升级和高质量发展的重要内容,也是“双碳”目标下中国农业可持续发展的客观要求。[进展]本文明晰了低碳农业机械化的内涵和目标,从理论、现实和系统三重维度阐释了低碳农业机械化的发展逻辑,分析了影响低碳农业机械化发展的主要因素,分别从要素条件、需求条件等6个方面剖析影响低碳农业机械化发展的深层次原因。[结论/展望]从农业机械装备全寿命周期的生态设计与绿色制造、清洁生产作业推广、脱物质化的社会化服务与绿色经营、8S体系、碳排放测度体系构建、退役废旧农机低碳处置与绿色再制造等方面,提出了中国低碳农业机械化发展的实现途径。
杨印生 , 韦鑫 . 低碳农业机械化的发展逻辑、影响因素与实现路径[J]. 智慧农业, 2023 , 5(4) : 150 -159 . DOI: 10.12133/j.smartag.SA202304008
[Significance] With the escalating global climate change and ecological pollution issues, the "dual carbon" target of Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality has been incorporated into various sectors of China's social development. To ensure the green and sustainable development of agriculture, it is imperative to minimize energy consumption and reduce pollution emissions at every stage of agricultural mechanization, meet the diversified needs of agricultural machinery and equipment in the era of intelligent information, and develop low-carbon agricultural mechanization. The development of low-carbon agricultural mechanization is not only an important part of the transformation and upgrading of agricultural mechanization in China but also an objective requirement for the sustainable development of agriculture under the "dual carbon" target. Progress] The connotation and objectives of low-carbon agricultural mechanization are clarified and the development logic of low-carbon agricultural mechanization from three dimensions: theoretical, practical, and systematic are expounded. The "triple-win" of life, production, and ecology is proposed, it is an important criterion for judging the functional realization of low-carbon agricultural mechanization system from a theoretical perspective. The necessity and urgency of low-carbon agricultural mechanization development from a practical perspective is revealed. The "human-machine-environment" system of low-carbon agricultural mechanization development is analyzed and the principles and feasibility of coordinated development of low-carbon agricultural mechanization based on a systemic perspective is explained. Furthermore, the deep-rooted reasons affecting the development of low-carbon agricultural mechanization from six aspects are analyzed: factor conditions, demand conditions, related and supporting industries, production entities, government, and opportunities. Conclusion and Prospects] Four approaches are proposed for the realization of low-carbon agricultural mechanization development: (1) Encouraging enterprises to implement agricultural machinery ecological design and green manufacturing throughout the life cycle through key and core technology research, government policies, and financial support; (2) Guiding agricultural entities to implement clean production operations in agricultural mechanization, including but not limited to innovative models of intensive agricultural land, exploration and promotion of new models of clean production in agricultural mechanization, and the construction of a carbon emission measurement system for agricultural low-carbonization; (3) Strengthening the guidance and implementation of the concept of socialized services for low-carbon agricultural machinery by government departments, constructing and improving a "8S" system of agricultural machinery operation services mainly consisting of Sale, Spare part, Service, Survey, Show, School, Service, and Scrap, to achieve the long-term development of dematerialized agricultural machinery socialized services and green shared operation system; (4) Starting from concept guidance, policy promotion, and financial support, comprehensively advancing the process of low-carbon disposal and green remanufacturing of retired and waste agricultural machinery by government departments.
本研究不存在研究者以及与公开研究成果有关的利益冲突。
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