中国低碳冷链物流发展水平评价体系研究

doi:10.12133/j.smartag.SA202301011

Smart Agriculture ›› 2023, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (1): 44-51.doi: 10.12133/j.smartag.SA202301011

• 专题--农产品智慧供应链 • 上一篇下一篇

中国低碳冷链物流发展水平评价体系研究

杨斌¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), 韩佳伟¹^,²^,³, 杨霖¹^,²^,³, 任青山¹^,²^,³, 杨信廷¹^,²^,³()

^1.北京市农林科学院信息技术研究中心，北京 100097
^2.农产品质量安全追溯技术及应用国家工程研究中心，北京 100097
^3.农业农村部农产品冷链物流技术重点实验室，北京 100097
^4.天津农学院计算机与信息工程学院，天津 300384

收稿日期:2023-01-25 出版日期:2023-03-30
基金资助:
北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20210408);国家重点研发计划项目课题(2022YFD2001804);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金(CX221014)
作者简介:杨斌，硕士研究生，研究方向为智慧低碳供应链关键技术。E-mail：18330806590@163.com
通信作者: 杨信廷，博士，研究员，研究方向为智慧低碳供应链关键技术。E-mail：yangxt@nercita.org.cn

Evaluation System of China's Low-Carbon Cold Chain Logistics Development Level

YANG Bin¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), HAN Jiawei¹^,²^,³, YANG Lin¹^,²^,³, REN Qingshan¹^,²^,³, YANG Xinting¹^,²^,³()

^1.Research Center of Information Technology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
^2.National Engineering Laboratory for Agri-product Quality Traceability, Beijing 100097, China
^3.Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Logistics Technology for Agro-product, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100097, China
^4.School of Computer and Information Engineering, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China

Received:2023-01-25 Online:2023-03-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来，中国冷链物流行业进入快速发展阶段，冷链基础设施建设与市场需求量呈不断增长态势，同时也伴随着温室气体排放量的增加。为满足未来低碳经济发展要求，绿色低碳转型成为中国冷链行业高质量健康发展的新特征与新方向，但前提基础是精确认知低碳冷链物流发展状况。鉴于此，本文首先从能源转型、技术创新、经济效益、国家政策四个层面构建中国低碳冷链物流发展评价体系，并针对不同指标进行权重以及障碍度分析，探究不同指标对低碳冷链物流发展的影响度；其次，采用熵权-优劣解距离法（Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution，TOPSIS）评价模型对中国2017至2021年低碳冷链物流发展情况进行评分，确定中国低碳冷链物流发展情况。研究结果表明，在不同指标中，绿色包装材料使用增长率、低碳技术论文发表数、科研人员占比、生鲜农产品冷链物流需求量增长率、氢氯氟烃制冷剂缩减率权重占比分别达到0.1243、0.1074、0.1066、0.0982、0.0716，对中国低碳冷链物流发展影响较大；2017至2021年间，中国低碳冷链物流发展水平评分从0.1498到0.2359，同比增长约57.5%；中国低碳冷链物流发展虽总体呈现上升趋势，但依旧处于发展阶段。

关键词: 低碳, 冷链物流, 熵权-TOPSIS模型, 障碍度, 碳排放

Abstract:

In recent years, China's cold chain logistics industry has entered a stage of rapid development. At the same time, with the increase of greenhouse gas emissions, green and low-carbon transformation has become a new feature and direction of high-quality and healthy development of the cold chain industry to meet the future development needs of China's low-carbon economy. In view of this, in order to ensure the scientificity of China's low-carbon cold chain logistics evaluation system, in this paper, 30 indicators from the four levels of energy transformation, technological innovation, economic efficiency, and national policy based on different relevant levels were first preliminarily determined, and finally 14 indicators for building China's low-carbon cold chain logistics development evaluation system through consulting experts and the possibility of data acquisition were determined. Data from 2017 to 2021 were selected to conduct a quantitative evaluation of the development level of low-carbon cold chain logistics in China. Firstly, the entropy weight method was used to analyze the weight and obstacle degree of different indicators to explore the impact of different indicators on the development of low-carbon cold chain logistics; Secondly, a weighted decision-making matrix was constructed based on the weights of different indicators, and the technology for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) evaluation model was used to evaluate the development of low-carbon cold chain logistics in China from 2017 to 2021, in order to determine the development and changes of low-carbon cold chain logistics in China. The research results showed that among the 14 different indicators of the established evaluation system for the development of low-carbon cold chain logistics in China, the growth rate of the use of green packaging materials, the number of low-carbon technical papers published, the proportion of scientific research personnel, the growth rate of cold chain logistics demand for fresh agricultural products, and the reduction rate of hydrochlorofluorocarbon refrigerants account for a relatively large proportion, ranking in the top five, respectively reaching 0.1243, 0.1074, 0.1066, 0.0982, and 0.0716, accounting for more than half of the overall proportion. It has a significant impact on the development of low-carbon cold chain logistics in China. From 2017 to 2021, the development level of China's low-carbon cold chain logistics was scored from 0.1498 to 0.2359, with a year-on-year increase of about 57.5%, indicating that China's low-carbon cold chain logistics development level was relatively fast in the past five years. Although China's low-carbon cold chain logistics development has shown an overall upward trend, it is still in the development stage.

Key words: low carbon, cold chain logistics, Entropy weight - TOPSIS model, barriers, carbon emission

中图分类号:

TB66

杨斌, 韩佳伟, 杨霖, 任青山, 杨信廷. 中国低碳冷链物流发展水平评价体系研究[J]. 智慧农业(中英文), 2023, 5(1): 44-51.

YANG Bin, HAN Jiawei, YANG Lin, REN Qingshan, YANG Xinting. Evaluation System of China's Low-Carbon Cold Chain Logistics Development Level[J]. Smart Agriculture, 2023, 5(1): 44-51.

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目标层	准则层	指标层	属性
低碳冷链物流发展水平	能源转型	清洁能源设备增长量	+
		可再生能源占行业总购电量的比例	+
		氢氯氟烃制冷剂使用量	-
		绿色包装材料使用率	+
	技术创新	低碳技术论文发表数	+
		低碳技术专利成果数	+
		低碳冷链标准制定数	+
		科研人员占比	+
	经济效益	员工年可支配收入增长率	+
		行业市场规模	+
		冷链成本占行业GDP比重	-
		生鲜农产品冷链物流需求量增长率	+
	政策制定	国家财政拨款增长率	+
	政策制定	碳约束政策出台数	+

目标层	准则层	权重	指标层	权重	障碍度/%
低碳冷链物流发展水平	能源转型	0.3270	清洁能源设备增长量	0.0712	6.25
			可再生能源占行业总购电量的比例	0.0599	4.43
			氢氯氟烃制冷剂使用量	0.0716	6.33
			绿色包装材料使用增长率	0.1243	19.07
	技术创新	0.3179	低碳技术论文发表数	0.1074	14.24
			低碳技术专利成果数	0.0624	4.80
			低碳冷链标准制定数	0.0415	2.13
			科研人员占比	0.1066	14.04
	经济效益	0.2519	员工年可支配收入增长率	0.0457	2.58
			行业市场规模	0.0673	5.60
			冷链成本占行业GDP比重	0.0407	2.05
			生鲜农产品冷链物流需求量增长率	0.0982	11.90
	政策制定	0.1032	国家财政拨款增长率	0.0503	3.12
	政策制定	0.1032	碳约束政策出台数	0.0529	3.47

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[2]	刘思远, 陈天恩, 陈栋, 张驰, 王聪. 时变多车型下的生鲜农产品配送路径优化模型[J]. 智慧农业(中英文), 2021, 3(3): 139-151.

中国低碳冷链物流发展水平评价体系研究

Evaluation System of China's Low-Carbon Cold Chain Logistics Development Level

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