Multi-Factor Coordination Control Technology of Promoting Early Maturing in Southern Blueberry Intelligent Greenhouse

doi:10.12133/j.smartag.2021.3.4.202109-SA007

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to get blueberries goes on sale in advance and obtain greater economic benefits, southern blueberries were moved to an intelligent greenhouse with controllable environment for experimental production. The early maturing production control technology of southern blueberry intelligent greenhouse was explored and studied. First, a detailed and comprehensive investigation and summary were conducted on the production factors of blueberry soilless cultivation, such as the production characteristics of various blueberry varieties, the pH and composition of the substrate, the key points of water and fertilizer irrigation, and the scope of the microenvironment climate. Then, the existing Venlo-type greenhouse was deployed for blueberry production, and the geography, climate and internal structural conditions of the greenhouse were briefly described, and the greenhouse blueberry full-cycle control goal was planned. Finally, the production control system was designed and implemented based on the Internet of Things technology, and the overall framework of the software layer, the hardware layer and the cloud were introduced. Based on multi-factor coordinated control model of greenhouse environment, according to the characteristics of blueberry growth environment, a set of blueberry greenhouse multi-factor coordinated control algorithms were proposed and used for environmental regulation. The experimental greenhouse is located in the southeast of Huaqiao Town, Kunshan city, Suzhou city, Jiangsu province. It has been verified that the overall control system has a significant effect, and the first wave of fruits was harvested in early May 2021, making the southern variety of blueberry enter the fruit picking period nearly one month earlier. Compared with the blueberry plants without cold storage, the yields per plant of "Star" "Emerald" "Lanmei No. 1", and "Coast" after cold storage increased by 51.5%, 85.5%, 43.8%, and 94.7%, respectively, and the weight of each fruit was increased 10.9%, 7.2%, 2.6%, and 5.3%, respectively. Experiments proved that the use of multi-factor coordinated control algorithms for regulation can increase the yield and quality of blueberries and achieve significant economic benefits and provide a demonstration for the industrialization of blueberry plants in southern greenhouses to promote early maturity production and management.

Key words: blueberry, cultivation management, plant factory, promoting early-ripeness, production control system, multi-factor coordination control algorithm, Internet of Things

CLC Number:

S625.3

XU Lihong, LIU Huihui, XU He, WEI Ruihua, CAI Wentao. Multi-Factor Coordination Control Technology of Promoting Early Maturing in Southern Blueberry Intelligent Greenhouse[J]. Smart Agriculture, 2021, 3(4): 86-98.

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物候期	温度要求/℃		湿度/ %	光照/lux	CO₂浓度/ ‰
物候期	日间	夜间	湿度/ %	光照/lux	CO₂浓度/ ‰
休眠期11月—1月	<7.2		60~80	<3000	0.350~0.700
催芽期1月	20~25	>8	60~80	30,000~50,000
生长期1月—2月	20~28	>10	60~80
开花期2月—3月	22~32	>10	50~70
果期4月—7月	25~35	15~22	60~80
花芽分化期8月—10月	22~32	13~20	50~70

参数	室内温度/℃	室内湿度/%	室内光照/lux	室内CO₂/ ‰	室外雨量/（mm·min^-1）	室外风速/（m·s^-1）
报警上限	50	90	100,000	1.200	2	10
报警下限	-10	10	-1	0.300	0	0

花果生长期		花芽分化期		休眠期		催芽期
时间	温度/℃	时间	温度/℃	时间	温度/℃	时间	温度/℃
6:00	13	6:00	15	6:00	3	6:00	10
10:00	20	10:00	22	10:00	3	10:00	18
14:00	26	14:00	26	14:00	3	14:00	25
20:00	16	20:00	18	20:00	3	20:00	14

	参数	值	参数	值	参数	值
天窗	期望湿度下限/%	40	低湿度正影响/℃	3	霜结温度/℃	0
	期望湿度上限/%	60	期望光照下限/lux	0	全开时间/min	6
	极限湿度下限/%	30	期望光照上限/lux	40,000	风速上限/（m·s^-1）	3
	极限湿度上限/%	70	强光照负影响/℃	3	雨量上限/（mm·min^-1）	0
	高湿度负影响/℃	2	弱光照正影响/℃	3
补光灯	补光开启阈值/lux	1000	补光开启时间	8:00	补光开启月份	3
补光灯	补光关闭阈值/lux	10,000	补光关闭时间	21:00	补光结束月份	7
湿帘风机	湿帘开启室外温度/℃	28	湿帘开启室内温度/℃	35	停止阈值/℃	29
内遮阳网	展开温度上限/℃	35	内遮阳网展开时间	8:00
内遮阳网	全开时间/min	12	内遮阳网折闭时间	17:00
内保温网	展开月份	1	折闭月份	3	全开时间/min	12
内保温网	展开时间	18:00	折闭时间	7:00
灌溉	土壤湿度下限/%	30	土壤湿度上限/%	70	灌溉室内温度/℃	23
空调	加热开启下限/℃	8	加热开启上限/℃	18
空调	湿度影响上限/%	65	湿度影响下限/%	35

品种	环境	是否蓄冷	采摘时间	单株产量/g	单果重量/g
明星	室内	是	2021.05.08—2021.06.08	306	1.7095
明星	室外	否	2021.05.30—2021.06.30	202	1.5420
绿宝石	室内	是	2021.05.06—2021.05.31	211.5	1.8233
绿宝石	室外	否	2021.05.30—2021.06.28	114	1.7015
蓝美1号	室内	是	2021.05.06—2021.06.12	581	0.7959
蓝美1号	室外	否	2021.05.30—2021.07.02	404	0.7754
海岸	室内	是	2021.05.06—2021.06.14	328	1.0349
海岸	室外	否	2021.06.02—2021.07.04	168.5	0.9827