太阳能杀虫灯物联网研究现状与展望

doi:10.12133/j.smartag.2019.1.3.201905-SA001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

太阳能杀虫灯在农业趋光性害虫受灯光引诱并接触金属网时释放高压脉冲电流杀灭害虫,可有效减少施用农药造成的环境污染和食品安全问题。本文介绍了利用无线传感器网络技术提升太阳能杀虫灯在农业迁飞性趋光害虫防治领域的应用效果,明确提出了一种新型农业物联网——太阳能杀虫灯物联网。首先,从杀虫灯在国内农业生产中的应用研究现状出发,总结了杀虫灯在林果、水稻和蔬菜等作物生产种植中的部署特点和杀虫工作时段分布情况;其次,分析了现有联网型太阳能杀虫灯节点的产品特点和杀虫灯物联网研究现状;然后,结合太阳能杀虫灯的能量采集方式、田间部署特点,综合分析了基于太阳能能量采集方式的传感器网络研究现状和基于启发式的传感器网络节点部署研究现状;最后,探讨了太阳能杀虫灯物联网的节点部署、能量预留管理、虫害爆发区域边界定位、虫情数据抗干扰传输等关键研究问题,并对太阳能杀虫灯物联网在农业生产中的应用进行了总结和展望。

关键词: 农业虫害防治, 太阳能杀虫灯, 无线传感器网络, 农业物联网

Abstract:

Along with the increasing awareness of environmental protection and growing demand for green and pollution-free agricultural products, it has a great need to explore new ways to apply greener pest control methods in agricultural production. Researching on Solar Insecticidal Lamps (SILs) has continuously received incremental attentions from both the academia and industry, which brings a new mode for the preventing and controlling of agricultural migratory pests with phototaxis feature, and now is becoming to a hot research topic. Towards the fast development of "precision agriculture" and "smart agriculture" as well as the increasing demands for agricultural informatization, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been widely used for agricultural information collection and intelligent control of agricultural equipment. WSNs are suitable for large-scale deployment and regional monitoring, which can be easily combined with SIL nodes. Based on the combination, a new type of agricultural Internet of things - Solar Insecticidal Lamps Internet of Things (SIL-IoTs) was proposed and the technology of WSNs for the prevention and control of phototactic migratory pests in agricultural applications were surveyed. Firstly, the state-of-art insecticidal lamps applications was reviewed and their characteristics deployment manners and working lifetime in the production of crops (e.g., forest, fruits, rice, vegetables) were summarized. Secondly, the characteristics of existing GSM/3G/4G-enabled SIL nodes and their latest research status on SIL-IoTs were summarized. Furthermore, the research status was analyzed concerning the energy harvesting mode and deployment characteristics of SIL, which are solar energy SIL harvesting mode for energy saving and the heuristic mode for node deployment, respectively. Finally, towards the fast-developed vision of smart agriculture, in which various emerging IT and automation technologies are maturely applied, SIL-IoTs can be considered as a new and important component to contribute to the green agricultural pest monitoring and control. To further enhance SIL-IoTs' capability and enrich SIL-IoTs' function, four open research issues on SIL-IoTs were proposed, i.e., 1) optimized deployment scheme of SIL-IoTs with multiple constrains, 2) optimized and adaptive energy management strategy for ensuring normal working hours of SIL node, 3) lack of algorithms for pests outbreak area localization, and 4) interference on data transmission because of dense high voltage discharge during severe pest disaster. To sum up, SIL-IoTs is one of the representative applications of "precision agriculture" and "smart agriculture" based on WSNs, which is a new model on prevention and control of pests. The combination of both optimized deployment algorithms of SIL-IoTs nodes and artificial intelligence techniques will provide a theoretical basis for SIL-based applications in terms of optimized deployment and energy management. Intelligent pest information collection, alarm, and node' senergy management via SIL-IoTs will facilitate decisions-makings for precise agricultural applications in prevention and control of pests.

Key words: agricultural insect control, solar insecticidal lamp, wireless sensor networks, agricultural Internet of Things

中图分类号:

李凯亮, 舒磊, 黄凯, 孙元昊, 杨帆, 张宇, 霍志强, 王彦飞, 王心怡, 卢巧玲, 张亚成. 太阳能杀虫灯物联网研究现状与展望[J]. 智慧农业, 2019, 1(3): 13-28.

Li Kailiang, Shu Lei, Huang Kai, Sun Yuanhao, Yang Fan, Zhang Yu, Huo Zhiqiang, Wang Yanfei, Wang Xinyi, Lu Qiaoling, Zhang Yacheng. Research and prospect of solar insecticidal lamps Internet of Things[J]. Smart Agriculture, 2019, 1(3): 13-28.

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